The different steps

Step 1 During the doctorate

• A research stay of at least three months in a European country other than the country of defense and enrolment

Step 2 Before the thesis defense

• Notification when the thesis defense is due to be filed
• Pre-defense reports prepared by at least two higher education institution professors, from two different European countries, other than the country of defense and enrolment

Step 3 During the thesis defense

• At least one jury member from a higher education institution in a European State other than the country of defense and enrolment
• The viva is carried out in a national European language other than the national language(s) of the country of defense and enrolment

Step 4 After the thesis defense

• An "European doctorate" certificate is delivered by the University of Bordeaux, in parallel with the doctoral qualification